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Urinary tract disease

Disorders affecting the feline urinary tract

Feline urinary tract disease, including conditions like Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC), urethral obstructions (usually male cats unable to urinate), and bladder stones, can manifest through various symptoms. Signs may include:

  • Frequent urination or difficulty urinating
  • Straining during urination or producing only small amounts of urine
  • Changes in urinary habits, such as accidents in the house or inability to urinate
  • Blood in the urine or discolored urine
  • Signs of discomfort or pain while urinating
  • Licking the genital area excessively
  • Decreased appetite or lethargy

Cats often show more subtle signs of pain or discomfort, such as:

  • Increased hiding
  • Reduced grooming
  • Changes in vocalization, including frequency
  • Changes in litter box habits, including urinating outside the box

Other health conditions may share similar symptoms with feline urinary tract disease, including Urinary Tract Infection, Urinary Cancer, or Constipation.

If you notice any of these signs or if you have concerns about your pet's health, consult with a veterinarian.  It is important to be aware that urinary tract disease may lead to urinary obstruction, especially in male cats, which is a medical emergency. Seek immediate veterinary attention if your pet is unable to urinate for more than 10 hours. Early detection and intervention can improve the chances of successful management and prevent complications.

When you visit your veterinarian for concerns related to urinary tract disease, including conditions like Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC), urethral obstructions, and bladder stones, the following may occur:

  • Medical History:

    Your veterinarian will review your cat's medical history, asking about symptoms, their duration, litter box habits, and any recent changes in behavior or diet.

  • Physical Examination:

    A thorough physical exam will be conducted, focusing on the abdomen, urinary organs, and overall condition. This helps identify any abnormalities or signs of discomfort.

  • Diagnostic Testing:

    Tests such as blood work, urinalysis, and imaging (X-rays or ultrasound) may be recommended to evaluate the urinary tract, rule out other conditions, and determine the specific type of urinary issue.

  • Treatment Options:

    The treatment plan will depend on the severity and nature of the condition. It may involve medications to alleviate symptoms, special diets to manage specific issues like crystals or stones, and sometimes hospitalization for severe cases.

  • Follow-Up Care:

    Your veterinarian will discuss a follow-up plan, which may include ongoing monitoring, adjustments to the treatment regimen, or dietary changes.

Your veterinary healthcare team will partner with you to decide which treatment option is best for your pet's and your family’s specific condition and situation. 

While it may not be possible to prevent all instances of urinary tract disease, including conditions like Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC), urethral obstructions, and bladder stones, there are proactive measures you can take to reduce the risk and protect your cat's urinary health. Here are some preventative measures you can implement at home:

  • Provide a balanced diet: Feed your pet a balanced and appropriate diet to support overall health and a strong immune system.

    Consult with your veterinarian to determine the best diet for your cat's specific requirements, especially if they have a history of urinary issues.

  • Encourage water intake: Ensure your cat always has access to fresh and clean water. Consider using a pet fountain or adding water to their food to encourage hydration. Wet cat food, which has higher moisture content, can be beneficial in supporting hydration.
  • Reduce Stress: Stress can be a significant factor in the development of urinary tract disease in cats. Minimize stress in your cat's environment by keeping schedules consistent, offering safe hiding spaces, and providing stimulation with toys or play.
  • Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of urinary issues in cats, so maintaining a healthy weight is important. Playtime, interactive toys, and climbing structures can contribute to keeping your cat active.
  • Keep litter boxes accessible: Ensure that the litter box is easily accessible and appealing to your cat. Some cats may have preferences for certain types of litter or the location of the litter box.

Consult with your veterinarian for personalized advice and guidance on preventing urinary issues in your cat. They can provide tailored recommendations based on your cat's specific needs and medical history.

Please note that the information provided here is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you suspect your cat has urinary issues or any other health concerns, consult your veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Nationwide® pet insurance claim example

Veterinary bill

$451

You pay only

$90

Urinary tract disease

You save

$361

Example reflects Modular Plan Accident, Illness and optional Congenital & Hereditary rider as well as the optional Cruciate rider added after the first year of coverage, with $5,000 annual limit for each category and 80% reimbursement after the $250 annual deductible has been met. This plan may not be available in all areas. Pre-existing conditions are not covered. Veterinary bill amount is based on expenses incurred in the first 30 days after initial diagnosis.

See what’s covered

Nationwide® pet insurance claim example

Veterinary bill

$451

You pay only

$90

Urinary tract disease

You save

$361

Example reflects Modular Plan Accident, Illness and optional Congenital & Hereditary rider as well as the optional Cruciate rider added after the first year of coverage, with $5,000 annual limit for each category and 80% reimbursement after the $250 annual deductible has been met. This plan may not be available in all areas. Pre-existing conditions are not covered. Veterinary bill amount is based on expenses incurred in the first 30 days after initial diagnosis.

See what’s covered

Nationwide® pet insurance claim example

Veterinary bill

$451

You pay only

$90

Urinary tract disease

You save

$361

Example reflects Modular Plan Accident, Illness and optional Congenital & Hereditary rider as well as the optional Cruciate rider added after the first year of coverage, with $5,000 annual limit for each category and 80% reimbursement after the $250 annual deductible has been met. This plan may not be available in all areas. Pre-existing conditions are not covered. Veterinary bill amount is based on expenses incurred in the first 30 days after initial diagnosis.

See what’s covered
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Products underwritten by Veterinary Pet Insurance Company (CA), Columbus, OH; National Casualty Company (all other states), Columbus, OH. Agency of Record: DVM Insurance Agency. All are subsidiaries of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. Subject to underwriting guidelines, review and approval. Products and discounts not available to all persons in all states. Insurance terms, definitions and explanations are intended for informational purposes only and do not in any way replace or modify the definitions and information contained in individual insurance contracts, policies or declaration pages, which are controlling. Nationwide, the Nationwide N and Eagle, VetHelpline, and Nationwide is on your side are service marks of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. Nationwide grants users a limited license to duplicate this material, with attribution to Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, for non-commercial educational and informational purposes only. Materials should not be altered or modified in any way. ©2024 Nationwide.